High-speed grinding is an advanced technology for precision machining of difficult-to-cut materials in fields such as aerospace. It addresses surface burns, defects, and improves surface integrity by increasing the linear velocity of the grinding wheel, achieving grinding speeds exceeding 300 m/s.
In high-speed machining studies of titanium alloys, cutting speed significantly affects chip morphology, cutting force, and surface roughness. When the cutting speed exceeds 48.75 m/min, the chips change from a ribbon-like shape to a serrated shape. The cutting force reaches its minimum at approximately 200 m/min. Surface roughness Ra initially decreases and then increases with increasing cutting speed, with the critical speed varying depending on conditions, around 200 m/min or 500 m/min. Furthermore, cutting speed is a significant factor affecting residual stress and tool wear.
In ultra-precision machining simulations of hard and brittle materials such as silicon carbide (SiC), employing higher cutting speeds and appropriate depths of cut is beneficial for obtaining better machined surfaces.